ON THE ORIGIN AND METHODS OF CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES IN ARABIC CHEMICAL AND MEDICAL DISCOURSES IN THE MIDDLE AGES

Abstract

The article presents research in the field of Arabic chemical and medical terminology in the Middle Ages. It is known in Arabic culture that everyday knowledge gave rise to Medieval scientific discourse and chemical and medical art, the development of which at the first stages is interconnected, even in some Arabic treatises it is indicated that chemistry was slightly ahead of other areas of human knowledge and had primacy in the appointment and preparation of medicinal substances and the invention of special devices and operations. To organize the acquired knowledge and build the first classifications of substances, devices and preparations, Arab scientists used the methods of ancient Greek philosophers, in particular, Aristotle. Thanks to translation activities, the religious views of Muslim scholars and the use of the metaphorization method, the number of used lexemes has increased. The change in the phonetic appearance of scientific lexemes contributed to their introduction into other European languages in connection with the Arabization of Greek, Latin and Persian scientific works.