HISTORY OF THE ENTRY INTO THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE OF TERMS OF SEA COMMERCIAL TRANSPORTATION: INDIVIDUAL TRAJECTORY OF A WORD IN A QUANTITATIVE ASPECT

Abstract

Terminology in the field of maritime trade transportation – a set of words and expressions used in the relevant area – is systematized in specialized glossaries intended for translators. However, there is no detailed analysis of this set of terms in domestic terminology, in particular, from the point of view of their origin, etymology and individual trajectory of use of a given word in Russian usage. This scientific study is intended to fill this gap by providing an analysis of the origin of words and the practice of their use in the historical aspect. The analysis demonstrates that the absolute majority of words in this terminology system goes back to English borrowings or to words of Russian origin, while two distinct borrowings from the Romance group of languages are noted – the words коносамент and франко. Of particular interest is the first word, which is a fairly old borrowing: the first uses of коносамент go back to the 18th century. The article traces the trajectory of the use of this word in Russian speech, its migration from fiction, essays and memoirs to instructional and documentary discourse, which is proven by a corpus of examples obtained using the method of quantitative linguistics.