COMPOSITE PHYTONYMS WITH A SOMONYMIC COMPONENT IN THE KUMYK LANGUAGE

Abstract

The article discusses structural, semantic and functional features of composite phytonymic names of plants with a comonym component in the modern Kumyk language. The study shows that the phytonymic system of the Kumyk language has an extensive system of complex and composite phytolexemes with components denoting parts of the human body and intended for the nomination of the plant world. Names with somonymic components bash (head), ayak (leg, paw), taban (heel), barmak (finger), erin (lip) have high productivity in the field of composite phytonymic names. Much less common in the system of composite names of flora are the somonyms tamak (throat), emchek (breast; nipple), ginnik (navel), tesh (breast), kol (hand). In composite plant names, three structural types of phytonyms can be distinguished: complex, composite and compound. Complex composites, having a binary structure, are formed by combining two words. Word composition is one of the productive ways of word formation of phytonymic vocabulary. In compound somonymic names, separately formed two-word and three-word phytolexemes are distinguished, and compound phytonyms have a two-component structure in which one of the components is a complex word.