METAPHORICAL DERIVATION OF NOUNS IN THE LEXICO-SEMANTIC GROUP “FOOD”

Abstract

The study highlights semantic and word-formation metaphorical derivation of words of one lexico-semantic group. The material is limited to the noun names of flour products and dishes. The word-formation aspect of figurative meanings of this group of words has not yet been an object of a special study. As a result of the research, the metaphoric potential of the mentioned vocabulary is revealed, and productive models of word-formation are established. The figurative meanings of the nouns themselves, their derivatives and phraseological units, which include them, reflect the beliefs of the Russian people, their historical past, ideas about the surrounding reality. The analysis of this group of words showed that, firstly, it includes words denoting products and dishes that are vital for a Russian person, “linguocultural phenomena” of the Russian language. This is evidenced by a large number of phraseologisms, proverbs and sayings with these lexemes. Figurative meanings of nouns and figurative meanings of phraseologisms in many cases do not coincide. From the names of food products, mainly nouns with diminutive and affectionate meanings are formed, and adjectives with suffixes -ist-, -n-, which predetermine the development of metaphorical meanings in their semantic structure.