SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF VERBAL PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN

Abstract

The article characterizes verbal phraseological units in English and Russian. It is noted that the semantic and structural aspects of phraseological units should be considered as a single whole. The analysis of the elements of phraseological units in communication with the use of a wide context makes it possible to know the essence of the FE more deeply. Semantic transformation of the literal meanings of the components of verbal FE occurs in a metaphorical, metonymic and hyperbolic way. To translate English FE into Russian, different types of translation are used: equivalent translation, translation by calculus, descriptive translation, one-word, contextual. In teaching, it is advisable to use combined translation, because on the one hand, it has a general educational value, contributes to the formation of students’ understanding of language facts, on the other hand, it contributes to the rapid assimilation of English stable phrases by students. When considering the structural and semantic features of English and Russian verbal phraseological units, both the difference and the similarity between them are revealed. They are national-specific, but the conceptual meanings that form the basis of the phraseological units of these languages are common, since the objectively existing world, being the object of thinking, is equally understood and realized by all people, regardless of the linguistic means on the basis of which this understanding occurs.