SYNONYMOUS ADJECTIVES WITH NEGATIVE PREFIXES

Abstract

The paper describes Russian synonymous adjectives with negative prefixes. It is noted that until recently, not enough attention was paid to the issues of synonymy of adjectives of the Russian language. In linguistics, there is a broad and narrow understanding of synonyms. In the author’s opinion, a broad understanding makes it possible to present more broadly the features of the Russian vocabulary, as well as the shades of its meanings. Synonymous relations can exist both between words of different roots and of the same root, in particular, between the same-rooted adjectives. Synonymous adjectives are widely used in oral and written communication, as well as in works of fiction and journalism. Parallel single-root adjectives whose synonymous meanings are formed with synonymous prefixes без- and не-. They express one common negative value. Such adjectives originated from the basics of verbs, adjectives themselves, abstract nouns. Such nouns are mostly polysemic, adjectives are polysemous. Unambiguous adjectives differ in lexical valence, expressive and emotional features of use, stylistic coloring, frequency of use. In modern Russian, there is a significant group of single-root synonymous adjectives with negative prefixes. Words in the entire scope of meanings can enter into synonymous relations. For the most part, these are unambiguous adjectives. Polysemantic adjectives also enter into synonymous relations, in this case only individual meanings of adjectives can be identical in semantic terms.