SPEECH-GENRE DIVERSITY OF FOLK OMENS (ON THE MATERIAL OF RUSSIAN ORNITOLOGICAL OMENS)

Abstract

The article considers a problem of syncretism of speech genres. The paper substantiates the idea that the semantic structure of Russian ornithological omens includes components of different speech genres, such as prognosis, advice, recommendation, prediction, omen, warning and prohibition. The task of the work is to describe the types of Russian folk omens, which include elements of verbal genres of prognosis, advice, recommendation, prediction, omen, warning and prohibition. The subject of the study is Russian ornithological folk items with an object component. The research methodology is based on the idea of a speech genre model (T.V. Shmeleva). The main research methods are component, distributive and transformational analyses. As a result of the study the main speech-genre types of ornithological signs of the Russian language are described in terms of communicative purpose, image of the author and addressee, dictum content and linguistic embodiment, which are highlighted by T.V. Shmeleva as features of speech genre. The results of the study make a certain contribution to the theory of speech genres, defining, among other things, the difficulties of identifying omens-individual prediction, distinguishing omens-warnings and utterances with the meaning of caution. The objectivity of the study is determined by identifying the dominant verbs for each speech genre type of omens and applying the method of transforming the structure of omens with the use of such verbs.