PHONETIC AND LEXICAL-GRAMMATICAL FEATURES OF THE LANGUAGE OF THE GAININ BASHKIRS

Abstract

The article analyzes the phonetic and lexical-grammatical features of the Gainin dialect of the northwestern dialect of the Bashkir language, the language of representatives of one of the ancient Bashkir tribes living now in the territory of Bardym District in Perm Krai. The study of the peculiarities of the dialect is carried out on the basis of field materials collected during a dialectological expedition from more than fifty informants from 32 villages and villages of Bardymsky District with a compact settlement of Bashkirs. The analysis of the linguistic material reveals such phonetic features as transitions of vowels and consonants, narrowing of wide vowels in the position of a stressed closed syllable, reduction, prosthesis and epentesis, labialization. Grammatical features include the specifics of the formation of isaphetic constructions, past tense and conditional verb forms, as well as the use of numerals. Lexical structure, as it is revealed, is dominated by lexemes inherent in the literary language, but dialectisms and Russianisms are also present.