LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF POLYSEMIC WORDS IN THE KARACHAY-BALKAR LANGUAGE

Abstract

The article examines polysemy of words in the Karachay-Balkar language. Turkic languages, which include the Karachay-Balkar language, are rich in their vocabulary and variety of word meanings. Words basically represent an entity, concept or action, and over time its meaning can expand and take on different meanings. A word becomes polysemic under the influence of historical, social events and individual characteristics of the ethnic group. Linguistic means convey thoughts, concepts and feelings to the addressee with the subtleties of the meaning of the word. The polysemy of words in a language is of great importance in this phenomenon. Most words in the Karachay-Balkar language are polysemic. Native speakers use existing words in speech based on the connection between concepts, without calling them new words. Polysemy relieves speakers from the need to memorize a huge number of concepts. One word expresses many meanings through different combinations, in which case the principle of linguistic economy is observed. Polysemy arose from the recognition of the unknown and the connection between objects and phenomena during the development of society.