FORMS OF EXPRESSION OF THE SUBJECT AND COMPLEMENT IN THE AVAR LANGUAGE

Abstract

The article analyzes the ways of expressing the subject and the complement in the Avar language. Special attention is paid to the nominative case, which is the form of the subject in a sentence with a transitive predicate. In the Avar language, the verb refers to the name in the nominative case, which emphasizes its role in the structure of the sentence. The ergative case, in turn, does not reflect the content of the verb as a category, but rather indicates the relationship between the subject and the object of action. Thus, in the intransitive construction of the Avar language, the agreement of the predicate with the subject in class and number becomes the main way of expressing their relations and visual representation of the sentence structure. The form of expression of the subject in the Avar language depends on the construction of the sentence as a whole. Among the case forms of the complement, the following can be distinguished: nominative, ergative, dative, possessive and locative. In the Avar language, the subject coincides with the subject only in the nominative language, while in ergative constructions its function may be closer to the indirect object. This underscores the importance of adequate analysis of syntactic structures in different languages and the peculiarities of their grammatical systems.