DEVIANT USUS IN MODERN PUBLIC SPEECHES OF RUSSIAN, AMERICAN AND WESTERN EUROPEAN POLITICIANS

Abstract

The article focuses on reasons for the origins and functions of the lexical phenomenon of deviant usus, which manifests itself in modern public political speeches of political figures such as V.V. Putin, D.A. Medvedev, V.V. Zhirinovsky, S.V. Lavrov, D. Trump, D. Biden, E. Macron, F. Filippo, J.-L. Melanchon, N. Sarkozy, V. Pekres. Modern public political speech reflects the most important and acute problems of socio-political, economic and cultural life of society and fulfills two main functions, which are dominant also for political discourse: informative and influential. Linguistic changes, most clearly manifested at the lexical level of language, caused by the democratization of the national standard language, the rapid development of traditional and innovative mass media, severe political struggle in a number of countries, breaking the taboo on the use of previously considered forbidden lexical units lead to the fact that in public political speech nonstandard lexical units, in particular colloquial words, jargonisms, slangisms and obscenisms are used more often. The analyzed examples of deviant usage in public political speech of Russian and Western European linguocultures indicate that the use of nonstandard lexical units helps to perform the following functions: phatic, evaluative and manipulative.