LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THE COMPONENT 苦 “BITTER” IN CHINESE LANGUAGE

Abstract

Phraseologisms are a layer of language that most fully embody the existing linguistic worldview of a particular language. In different languages, there are phraseological units with similar semantics that refer to a common source, but at the same time, there are phraseological units that are common only in one language. The study of the Chinese linguistic worldview has increasingly attracted the attention of linguists. Phraseological units as one of the best and specific layers of language represent a clot of cultural information. Chinese phraseological units as ready-made combinations of words that are stored in the language memory of the speakers, describing certain customs, traditions, features of life, historical events and much more, they reflect the Chinese national culture and have a national-cultural component in their semantics. The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of national culture embodied in Chinese phraseological units (成语). The paper provides a semantic analysis of Chinese phraseological units with the component 苦 “bitter”, discusses foundations of metaphorical projections, describes of figurative representations, then presents a fragment of the Chinese linguistic worldview and reveals the national and cultural specificity.