SUBSTANTIVE COMPARATIVE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN GERMAN AND RUSSIAN

Abstract

The article deals with substantive comparative phraseological units of German and Russian languages. These phraseological units serve human society, reflects the life, culture of the people speaking these languages, its past and present, life, traditions and customs, aspirations and hopes, joys and troubles, good luck and failures. Substantive comparative phraseological units denote an object or a substantive action, which correlates with nouns, which are their core component. The core component of phraseological units is a leading, grammatically independent component related to a certain part of speech. Substantive comparative phraseological units in the two languages are quite actively used in colloquial and book speech. Nouns can act in comparative turns and the first and second and third components. The second component is the most widespread. The second component in the substantive comparative phraseological units acts with different meanings. A distinctive feature of the substantive components is their ability to combine with verbs of various semantics, while performing the role of intensifiers. In the studied languages, they are almost all characterized by high productivity in the formation of substantive comparative phraseological units.