SEMANTIC FEATURES OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TERMS IN TRANSLATION FROM CHINESE TO RUSSIAN

Abstract

The article explores the semantic aspects of translating scientific and technical terminology from Chinese to Russian, which presents significant challenges due to the structural and cognitive differences between the two language systems. The main focus of the research is on three key aspects: lexical compatibility, polysemy, and metaphorical term formation, which are examined through the lens of cross-linguistic adaptation. The analysis, based on a corpus of Chinese scientific and technical texts and their Russian translations, identifies typical problems of terminological equivalence, including cases of asymmetric nomination and contextual variability. The paper offers a system of practical recommendations for overcoming terminological discrepancies, with a particular emphasis on the importance of considering the professional context and the need for the development of specialized competencies in translators, allowing them to accurately identify the denotative meaning of terms in specific subject areas. The results of the study have significant practical potential for improving the methodology of teaching scientific and technical translation and developing specialized translation resources.