A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN CHINA AND RUSSIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LAWS AND REGULATIONS

Abstract

As world Powers, China and Russia attach great importance to the development of higher education and have integrated higher education reform into their national development strategies. Currently, China and Russia have established a distinctive legal system of higher education that guides and promotes the positive development of higher education in their respective countries. The list of disciplines, specialties and areas stipulated by the laws of China and Russia on higher education is also interrelated, this provides a solid legal guarantee for strengthening educational exchanges and cooperation between China and Russia. The author concludes that the following key common features can be identified in the evolution of legislation in both countries: the formation of a hierarchical model of education management with consistent delegation of authority from central bodies to regional and municipal structures; the gradual expansion of the autonomy of higher education institutions is a transition from directive management to legislative consolidation of academic, personnel and financial independence of universities; the growing trend of internationalization of higher education, legally enshrined in program documents and legislative acts of both countries and implemented through mechanisms of international cooperation, mutual recognition of qualifications and joint educational projects.