COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS OF THE DARGIN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES WITH COMPONENTS MEANING ‘HEART’ AND ‘SOUL’

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of the Dargin and English idioms with the components meaning ‘heart’ / ‘soul’. The Darginian somatism urk1i ‘heart’ / ‘soul’ and its English equivalents heart and soul are components of many phraseological units that have all kinds of semantics. In both languages studied, there are phraseological units with the component meaning ‘heart’ / ‘soul’, which express many different meanings. The comparison of the semantics of such idioms in Dargin and English languages reflects the main general and specific features characteristic of the semantics of somatic phraseological units of these languages. In these languages, the idioms associated with the expression of a particular human activity, with the nature of his relationships, are approximately equally marked. The somatic components meaning ‘heart’ / ‘soul’ indicate the similarity of idioms in Darginian and English. Semantic diversity often depends on the complexity of the semantic structure of the core component. But the relationship between the number of meanings of the latter and the number of phraseological units within a particular phraseology is revealed unevenly. The presence of non-identical idioms, which differ in synonymous core components, proves the uniqueness of semantic specialization in the English language. Such phenomena are caused by the different thinking of the two peoples and the vision of the linguistic picture of the world, because it is connected with the national, cultural and religious characteristics of the Dargins and the British.