NATIONAL AND CULTURAL SEMANTICS OF THE PAREMIAS OF THE DARGINIAN AND CHECHEN LANGUAGES

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of the national and cultural semantics of the paremias of the Darginian and Chechen languages. It is noted that the paremias cover features of economics, geography, social structure, culture, folklore, details of everyday life, customs. A comparative analysis of the Darginian and Chechen paremias has shown that they reflect the centuries-old history of these peoples, their way of life and ways of life. For example, parodies about a person in both languages show how truthfully and concisely a person can reflect the realities of life in parodies. People who speak different languages create different pictures of the world, and the difference in languages affects not only the difference in the content of thinking, but also the difference in the logic of thinking, i.e. different languages generate different types of thinking. Semantically adequate paremias may exist in different cultures. In many cases, Darginian and Chechen languages have similar paremias. There are quite a lot of paremias in the languages under consideration, differing both in semantics and in the composition of the components. They most often show differences related to mentality, customs, and traditions. In Darginian, there are paremias that are not present in Chechen, and in Chechen, those that are absent in Darginian. Most of the paremias concisely form realistic popular conclusions about work, family, household, and social-class relationships at various stages of historical development. They are one of the most striking national and cultural means of these languages. They not only preserve grains of folk wisdom, but also reflect the history and worldview of the people who created them, their traditions, customs, and customs.