IMMANENT AND CONTEXTUAL APPROACHES TO A LITERARY TEXT IN TEACHING LITERATURE

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the methodological problem of the analysis of a literary text in the process of teaching literature. The choice of one or more methods for analysis usually depends on the text itself and the researcher’s goals. In methodological practice the most productive and appropriate one is the combination of two approaches – immanent and contextual. These two approaches cover almost all the main literary methods and contribute to a holistic and adequate comprehension of the text. Taking into account the positions in the study of this problem of A.P. Skaftymov, Yu.M. Lotman, A.F. Losev, M.M. Bakhtin, M.L. Gasparov, V.E. Khalizev, the article considers in detail the possibilities and limits of using immanent and contextual analysis in the study of a literary work. Numerous examples from the Russian classics of the 19th and 20th centuries are given. The article is projected both on school literature lessons, and on teaching the history of Russian and foreign literature at the university.