SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH SPEAKING VERBS

Abstract

The paper provides a semantic analysis of the verbs of speaking in Russian and English. It is noted that the study of relations at the level of the norm of language has shown that discrepancies in the semantic volume of lexical units are often caused by extralinguistic factors. In the languages under consideration, these verbs are widespread due to their wide variety and idiomatic meanings. The interplay of various aspects of human activity is reflected in the verbs of speaking. Lexical ambiguity is particularly difficult to combine with a wide variety of grammatical forms. The Russian phrase is given vividness and concreteness by a variety of different forms and types of verbs, specific endings and prepositions that determine the mode of origin of the action. The verbs of the Russian language are distinguished by a wealth of shades in the transmission of modes of action. Such an abundance of shades is not observed in other languages. The speech of native English speakers is also rich in speaking verbs. It is a picture of a mixture of concreteness and inseparability of semantics. To convey the semantic structure of the Russian verb of speaking, it is very often necessary to use clarifying words in translation, which serve to specify the meaning. The results indicate a significant similarity of the lexical microstructures under consideration, the commonality of their semantics, thematic orientation, and semantic categories. These languages have been characterized by common ties and cultural contacts since ancient times. Both languages were strongly influenced by the same linguistic standards: Latin and Greek. The fact that the thematic orientation of the verbs of speaking is common may be due to this. Coincidences prevail over discrepancies in the verbs spoken in the languages under consideration.