CONCEPT OF TREE IN RUSSIAN AND YAKUT LINGUISTIC CULTURES

Abstract

The authors analyze the linguoculturological concept of the TREE based on the material of the Russian and Yakut linguistic cultures. The national-cultural markings of the concept make it possible to characterize it as a means of ritual goal, a universal model of the Universe, a system of spatial and spiritual coordinates. The authors analyze the content of lexicographic sources: the dictionary definitions of the lexeme representing the concept TREE represent a detailed structural and content characteristic of mental education. From a formal point of view, direct meanings and figurative ones are highlighted. The direct meaning indicates directly denotatum (tree / mass as a plant species, botanical phenomenon). The figurative derived values of the nomination, based on the synecdoche (wood and material for the construction and manufacture of objects), are associated with real objects of the surrounding reality. It has been established that the secondary meanings of the tree / wood nominations, having a different mythological component, represent certain fragments of the picture of the human world. The next stage in the study of the features of the concept TREE there is the study of the data of mythology and folklore of the Russian and Yakut peoples. A tree occupies a special place in Russian culture. The Slavs living in the forests treated trees with great reverence, endowing almost every one with supernatural properties. The image of a tree connects the earthly and heavenly worlds, in the same way the tree connects the underground world with the earthly. In the picture of the world of the Turks, the tree is closely connected with the life of the members of the clan. Since according to the archaic worldview, the main property of trees is extraordinary strength and fertility, it is a symbol of life and a guarantee of the well-being of members of the clan. The authors of the article concluded that the unifying moment among many peoples of the world, including the Russian and Yakut, is the image of the World Tree, the tree of life.