COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLITE EXPRESSIONS IN CHINESE AND RUSSIAN CULTURES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

Abstract

The article presents a comparative analysis of speech politeness strategies in Chinese and Russian cultures from the standpoint of intercultural communication and pedagogy. The theoretical foundations of the politeness category are examined, including sociopragmatic and cultural approaches, as well as the influence of cultural attitudes such as hierarchy, collectivism, and individualism on communicative behavior. Special attention is given to the manifestation of polite expressions in educational contexts, the interaction between teachers and students, and potential communicative difficulties. Based on the analysis of speech examples and pedagogical situations, the article offers recommendations for teachers of Russian and Chinese as foreign languages on developing cultural sensitivity, adapting educational materials, and fostering intercultural competence among students. The study concludes that integrating a cultural-pragmatic component into language education is essential for enhancing communicative efficiency and mutual understanding in multicultural learning environments.