ANALYSIS OF WORD SEMANTICS AND ITS IMPLICIT CULTURE IN RUSSIAN AND CHINESE

Abstract

The lexicon, as a special unit of language for cultural representation, has a huge potential for the expression of implicit cultural meanings. The relevance of the article is justified by the analysis of the probable origin of vocabulary with implicit cultural meanings in the language by the method of describing their “invisible” cultural meanings, which reflects the relevance and differences between languages and cultures. In this regard, the aim of this article is to identify the reasons for the differences between Russian and Chinese vocabulary in the expression of implicit national-cultural features, as well as the sources and specific manifestations of implicit cultural words in the language. In order to achieve this goal, there are the following tasks: to define implicit culture and distinguish between explicit and implicit culture; to conduct a comparative analysis of the differences in national character psychology and cognitive styles caused by linguocultural differences between Russia and China, using real-life examples; to show that there are words expressing implicit culture in Russian and Chinese, and explain the possible prerequisites for this linguistic phenomenon; to study the origin of implicit cultural words in Russian and Chinese languages. The scientific novelty of this paper lies in the use of concrete linguistic facts to elucidate the sources of words capable of expressing implicit culture in Russian and Chinese from a possible perspective, which positively influences a better understanding of the relationship between language and culture. The theoretical significance of this paper lies in the linguistic analysis of implicit cultural meanings in the text and demonstration that vocabulary – as a unit of expression, is closely related to the expression of implicit cultural meanings. The article uses texts by I. A. Bunin, A. S. Pushkin and A. Tarasov and real language examples, such as Russian and Chinese proverbs and sayings, as material to illustrate the ability of words to express implicit culture in languages and cultures, as well as to indicate the reasons for differences in the expression of implicit national-cultural features by vocabulary. Thus, the similarities and differences in values, psychology and ways of perceiving the world, as well as the ideological character of the Russian and Chinese peoples revealed by means of vocabulary are shown. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the results obtained can be used in the teaching and study of the Russian language, in comparative analysis of the Russian and Chinese languages and culture, as well as in the field of lexicography. In addition, the study will reduce the number of misunderstandings arising from linguistic differences in the process of cultural exchange.