COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RUSSIAN AND CHINESE LOANWORDS

Abstract

In the article the main methods of borrowing foreign words in Russian and Chinese languages are considered and analysed, and a comparative analysis of loanwords in Russian and Chinese languages are made. Language, as the most direct communication tool for humanity, is closely related to the development of society. When different languages come into contact with each other, mutual penetration between languages is inevitable, while the borrowing of foreign words most easily occurs. In modern society, science and technology is constantly being updated, the economy is developing rapidly, and international exchanges are becoming more frequent. With the gradual deepening of international exchanges and cooperation, the number of foreign words that have appeared under the influence of other countries or nations is gradually increasing. In the paper, the focus of the study is on the phenomenon of foreign word borrowing in Russian and Chinese, along with its associated characteristics. By employing the method of comparative analysis and based on the modes and strategies of foreign word borrowing, this study conducts an in-depth analysis of the specific forms of expression and the general developmental patterns of borrowings in Russian and Chinese. Furthermore, it systematically generalizes and elucidates the similarities and differences in the borrowing of foreign words in these two languages. Borrowing of foreign words is also an ongoing process, as the most responsive, operational, and frequently used part of the language system, vocabulary reflects the changes in language, the emergence and evolution of loanwords are important means of interlanguage communication and can be the first to reflect the interrelationships and changes between different languages. These words not only enrich the vocabulary of language, but also promote communication and integration between different cultures.