FOLKLORE TRADITIONS IN THE STORY “THE EARRINGS AS A PRESENT” BY H. DAVLETSHINA

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the folkloric and ethnographic foundations of the poetics of Khadiya Davletshina’s short story “The Earrings as a Present” (“Һырға һабағы”). The work examines the functioning of folklore not as a simple source of borrowing, but as a holistic aesthetic system organizing the work’s artistic world. Using specific material, multi-layered elements of folk culture are revealed: from the use of genre models (kubair) and compositional schemes (fairytale trinity) to the inclusion of oral speech patterns (dialectisms, proverbs, set formulas, curses) and a detailed reproduction of ethnographic realities (rituals, everyday traditions). It demonstrates how folklore becomes a tool for revealing the psychology of characters, organizing the plot, and conveying social criticism. It is proven that the synthesis of literary and folkloric principles serves to create an authentic picture of the world of the southern Bashkirs and is a defining feature of the writer’s individual style.