SONGS ABOUT SEASONAL WORK IN THE LAK FOLKLORE: THEME AND ARTISTIC ORIGINALITY

Abstract

The article analyzes the works of lyric poetry of the Laks, which reveal the inner world of the character, his state of mind, social phenomena, various aspects of life. Songs about the seasonal work of the Laks are one of the varieties of non-ritual poetry, thematically characterized by socially expressed poignancy. Otkhodniki was a widespread form of earnings for many peoples of Dagestan: lezgins, dargins, tabasarans, rutuls, etc. Due to social inequality and difficult geographical conditions, many highlanders were forced to engage in otkhodnik, that is, in search of earnings, leave their native villages and go to distant lands. The main theme of songs about otkhodniki is separation from the beloved, from the family, relatives and friends. They express the longing of the migrant worker for his home, for his native mountains, where he grew up and spent his carefree childhood. They are imbued with a feeling of discontent, an expression of the plight of the otkhodnik-artisan. The topic covered in the article is relevant to this day. But if at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, seasonal work was widespread mainly among the mountaineers, then at present time many city dwellers go to other regions in search of better earnings, at the same time, the geography and reasons for modern work are sharply different from the migrant highlanders of the past. Songs about otkhodniki are characterized by their specific features and poetic techniques; they are characterized by extreme brevity, capacity, artistic expressiveness. The purpose of this study is to highlight the ideological, thematic and artistic originality of such songs.