THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE POEM GENRE DURING THE FORMATION OF TATAR SECULAR LITERATURE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of genre changes of the Tatar poem during the formation of Tatar secular literature. Based on the works of representatives of Tatar poetry of the XIX century – Gabdeljabbar Kandaly and Gali Chokry, the main trends in the development of the genre are highlighted. The article notes that new genre strategies in the works of these authors are associated with the rejection of literary canons associated with religious traditions. For example, in Gabdelbjabbar’s love poems, the object of the image changes. Before that, the theme of love was considered in the context of the ideology of Sufism or in the spirit of medieval romantic poems in which the object of love was mythologized female images. In the poems of Kandaly, the feelings of the lyrical hero are directed at a simple peasant girl. According to the author, earthly love and personal happiness of a person are just as important as happiness in eternal life. The poems reveal an educational opposition: the poet opposes the lives of educated and uneducated people. He calls lack of education the main obstacle in the upbringing of a decent generation. The second representative of Tatar literature of this period Gali Chokry – in his poem refers to history, national origins. The author creates a mythologized image of Kazan – the sacred center of the Tatar people. The poet seeks to awaken in the contemporary reader a sense of pride in his nation and the great past. As a result of the research, the main trends that led to the genre transformations of the Tatar poem are revealed: departure from traditional canons; actualization of new content reflecting life material; appeal to history and national origins, strengthening of the lyrical beginning; strengthening of the position of the national language.