FEATURES OF CORRELATION OF NOUNS WITH LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES IN RUSSIAN AND DAGESTAN LANGUAGES

Abstract

The article aims to illustrate the features of the correlation of nouns with lexical and grammatical categories in the Russian and Dagestan languages. The correlation of nouns with lexical and grammatical categories in the Russian and Dagestan languages has different motivations. In the Russian language, nouns are correlated with the lexical and grammatical category of animate – inanimate. In the Dagestani languages, nouns are correlated with the lexical and semantic category class of people – not people (or class of person – not a person). The author concludes that the correlation of nouns with lexical and grammatical categories in the Russian and Dagestan languages has not only a different semantic basis, but also a different grammatical nature. The semantic field for correlating nouns with a particular category in the Dagestani languages is the dichotomy “intelligent beings – non-intelligent beings”, as well as “living and inanimate nature”, or the dichotomy “man – not man”. At the same time, the correlation of nouns with one or another category in the Dagestani languages does not affect the case inflection.