THE ONTOLOGICAL STATUS OF THE GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF VOICE IN RUSSIAN LINGUISTICS

Abstract

The article examines the ontological status of the grammatical category of voice in Russian linguistics. The relevance of this study stems from the multilayered nature of voice, which manifests itself at the morphological, syntactic, and semantic levels of language. The objective of the paper is to determine the ontological status of this category by analyzing the main approaches to its interpretation in Russian linguistics. The scientific novelty of the study lies in its examination of voice not as a narrowly morphological opposition, but as a multilevel relational category with a morphological-syntactic core and an expanded functional-semantic periphery. Particular attention is paid to the interpretations of the category of voice in the works of A.A. Shakhmatov, V.V. Vinogradov, A.A. Kholodovich, and A.V. Bondarko. It has been established that voice in Russian is not an isolated paradigm of word forms, but a way of grammatically perspectivizing subject-object relations. It is concluded that voice is most adequately defined as a functional-semantic grammatical category with a layered ontological status. The material can be used in courses on grammar and linguistic theory.