COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TERMS OF THE ANIMAL WORLD IN THE AVAR, DARGIN AND LEZGIN LANGUAGES

Abstract

The article presents a comparative analysis of terms of the animal world in the Avar, Dargin and Lezgin languages. It is noted that in the vocabulary of the studied languages there are two layers of names: native and borrowed. In some cases there is a lack of detailed differentiation by age and some other qualities. In Dagestani languages livestock vocabulary varies in their dialects. Most of the names of cattle in these languages go back to the common Dagestani root. In addition, the dialects have a fairly extensive system of names of animals by gender and age. In the poetic folklore works of the studied languages, the names of horses borrowed from the Persian and Turkic languages are often found. Almost all names of wild animals belong to the general Dagestani chronological level, i.e. these names are native in the studied languages. In the three compared languages, the borrowed names include those names of wild animals that do not live on the territory of the Avars, Dargins and Lezgins. А significant group consists of complex names that have different structures. Descriptive names that are formed syntactically also make up a significant part of the animal vocabulary of the compared languages.