STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH ANTONYMIC COMPONENTS IN DARGIN AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES

Abstract

The article presents a structural and semantic analysis of the antonymous phraseological units in the Dargin and Russian languages. The analysis of the ratio of their component composition reveals that it is the level specification of phraseological and lexical antonyms that leads to the restriction of the use of the latter in the composition of the phraseological units. In Dargin and in Russian, there is a number of units, in the structure of which the components – lexical antonyms – are combined within the same phraseological unit. According to the nature of the connection of antonymic components in the phraseological units in these languages, the researchers distinguish three types of phraseological units, each of which has its own specifics: phraseological units-oxymorons; phraseological units-alogisms; phraseological units-objectifiers. Comparative structural and semantic analysis of these phraseological units shows that they are very heterogeneous in both of the languages. When studying the component formal indicators of the antonymy of phraseological units-antonyms, it is necessary to proceed not only from the antonymy of the components, but also to take into account their identity and proximity in lexemes. Antonymic phraseological units that include such components are considered formal-semantic phraseological units-antonyms, and antonymic phraseological units that do not have such components – semantic phraseological units-antonyms.