ON THE COMPLEMENTS AND ADJUNCTS OF VERB AND THEIR FUNCTION IN THE STRUCTURE OF SENTENCES IN PERSSIAN LANGUAGE IN COMPARISON WITH RUSSIAN

Abstract

The article deals with the subject of complements and adjuncts of verb and their function in the structure of sentences as verb autonomous phrases in Persian. First, autonomous phrases as syntactic units in the dependency grammar and also head as the syntactic and semantic center of each phrase are introduced. Then the characteristic features of the valency of verbs, complement and adjunct are described. Next, complements are divided into obligatory and optional, and adjuncts are divided into specific and general. Significant attention is paid to consideration of the varieties of complements and adjuncts, the criteria for their distinction and their priority in combination with the head in sentences. And finally, the process of sentences analysis in Persian in the form of a hierarchic dependency diagram according to the word order is described, and several examples are presented. In conclusion, on the basis of what has been said, the valence model of verbs as practical advantage of the dependency grammar is characterized, and also the differences and similarities between this type of sentences analysis in Persian and Russian languages are mentioned.