THE PROBLEM OF A PERSONALITY AND PEOPLE IN THE NOVEL “THE WAR IN THEBES” BY NAGUIB MAHFOUZ

Abstract

The article examines the historical novel by Naguib Mahfouz “The War in Thebes”, which belongs to the “Pharaoh” series, which reflects three more works about the pharaohs of Ancient Egypt. The author relies on true facts. A short excursion into history makes it possible to understand that only in the fight against the Hyksos was it possible to defend their national identity. The main protagonists of the novel are historical personalities, whose fate, their worldview, relationships with the people allow us to consider the problem of personality and people, which is worthy of expression on the example of three generations of the rulers of Thebes – Sekenenra, Kamos and Ahmose. The main motive for Mahfouz becomes the motive of the change of generations, who donate their blood and life on earth in the name of the people, their salvation from the invaders. The researchers conclude that the study of history by artistic means undertaken by Naguib Mahfouz in the novel “The War in Thebes” allows to compare distant eras, to reflect on the common issues of civilization, the nature of man, the problem of personality and people, to investigate not only fait accompli, but also potentially possible ways of developing events of the past.