SEMANTIC FEATURES OF LEXICAL IDIOMS IN THE GERMAN LANGUAGE

Abstract

The article deals with the semantic structure of compounds with idiomatic meaning in German, the features of reinterpretation of the first and second components, as well as the formation of metaphors and metonymies. A special group is represented by calques among borrowings. The study of semantic features of lexical idioms analyzed one thousand lexemes obtained by continuous sampling from a number of dictionaries. Most of the presented words are nouns. The article also presents numerous examples of endocentric compounds with of etymological and denotative meaning. The authors conclude that among lexical idioms, words with incomplete language conflict predominate, suggesting a reinterpretation of only one component. The study of such lexemes is of practical and theoretical interest, and it can make a significant contribution to the theory of word formation and motivation.