THE VOCABULARY OF THE KHANTY-FISHERMEN’S WAY OF LIFE IN A LITERARY TEXT (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF G.D. LAZAREV’S STORY “SORNENG TOV”)

Abstract

The article studies lexical units that tell about the life of the Khanty fishermen and describe the character of people-workers, which is the purpose of the research. The main task is to identify how the Khanty man appears in the mind and how an adequate description of this person is achieved in the text. The implementation of this task involves the consideration of linguistic means in two aspects – paradigmatic (or static) and syntagmatic (or dynamic). After defining the key concept (Khanty = fisherman), a search is made for keywords defining a person rooted in his native land, and a list of lexical and semantic variants suitable for the characteristics of a human worker is compiled. It is concluded that the structural and semantic features of these lexemes, which are also embedded in dictionaries as functioning in the language, are fully manifested in this small text, and contribute to the complete objectification (verbalization) of a particular meaning. The analysis is based on the story of the founder of Khanty literature G.D. Lazarev “Sorneng tov” (Golden Horse). This work describes life in a small fishing village, and the main characters are representatives of three generations of the same family: an old fisherman, his son and grandson. Careful reading allows identifying the means, by which the author reveals the image of the characters as fully as possible. It is clearly seen that in the description of these people (the main characters), the author strives to be extremely accurate. Mostly he succeeds, and especially in those places where the direct speech of the characters is given. Successful words and phrases for characterization and evaluation are also found in narrative and descriptive fragments of the story.