PHONETIC FEATURES OF RUSSIAN BORROWINGS IN THE TUVAN LANGUAGE AND ITS DIALECTS

Abstract

In a particular language, new words usually appear as a result of economic, political, social and cultural ties between countries and peoples. So, since the end of the XIX and the beginning of the XX century, the first Russian people moved to the central and north-eastern regions of Tuva. Since that time, Russian-Tuvan language contacts have begun on the territory of these localities, which are characterized by the interpenetration of individual words. The first borrowings from the Russian language were grouped by predecessors into the following thematic groups: agriculture, clothing and footwear, household items, measures of length and weight, monetary units, hunting accessories. The paper examines Russian borrowings that were mastered by Tuvinians through oral speech and are not recorded in special works devoted to this problem. The article set the task to describe the sound changes, according to which the phonetic appearance of words borrowed from the Russian language changed. At the present time, the analyzed borrowings are used only in the speech of elderly people. It should also be noted that at this time the bulk of the Tuvan population are considered bilinguals and Russian is the language of interethnic communication, it functions in all spheres of public life.